% compression

# Create a tar archive containing files
tar cf <name>.tar <files>

# Create a tar archive with gz compression
tar czf <name>.tar.gz <files>

# Extract a tar archive
tar xf <tar_file>

# Create a gz archive containing files
gzip -9 -c <files> > <name>.gz

# Extract a gz archive
gzip -d <gz_file>

$ files: ls | awk -F: '{ print $1}'
$ tar_file: ls *.{tar,tar.*} | awk -F: '{ print $1}'
$ gz_file: ls *.gz | awk -F: '{ print $1}'